Gazeta Metropol - 12/09/2007 - Deklarata e Nasho Jorgaqi nga Skender Zogu

"L'Aveu de Nasho Jorgaqi"

Nasho Jogaqi écrivain communiste et "nègre" de l'espion I.M.(il avait publié le livre "L'Emigration des "Marionettes") se vante d'avoir détruit les lettres échangées entre Fan Noli et le roi Zog et celles entre Noli et Faik Konica qui dénonçaient le régime communiste. Cette mise au point concerne le comportement anti-patriotique de ce membre de la nomenklatura qui en voulant discréditer les Albanais nationalistes en exil, dont l'idéal était "la patrie avant tout" s'est discrédité lui-même en avouant avoir détruits des documents se trouvant dans les archives de l'Etat.

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RFE/RL NEWSLINE Vol. 11, No. 169, Part II, 12 September 2007

U.S. COMMENTS ON KOSOVA 'UNHELPFUL,' SAYS AUSTRIA... Austrian Foreign Minister Ursula Plassnik has criticized the United States for saying it would back a unilateral declaration of independence by Kosova. Plassnik said unilateral statements of commitment are "not helpful" at this stage. Kurt Volker, a U.S. principal deputy assistant secretary of state, said on September 7 that "if Kosovo unilaterally declares independence, the United States will recognize that independence, as, we believe, will others, since that is the only solution for the Balkans." Volker's statement was difficult for EU diplomats both in content and timing, as EU leaders have repeatedly called for Kosova not to act unilaterally and because Volker made his comment just as EU foreign ministers were emerging from a meeting calling for unity. The EU has also been seeking to present the future of Kosova as primarily a matter for Europe. The EU's mediator in Kosova talks, Wolfgang Ischinger, on August 31 declared that his fellow mediators from the United States and Russia have "expressly accepted" that Europe is the "primus inter pares" in the mediating team (see "RFE/RL Newsline," September 5, 2007). That assertion was, however, indirectly challenged by Russia's mediator, Aleksandr Botsan-Kharchenko, who, according to Serbian media, declared on September 9 that Kosova's status should be decided not by the EU but by the UN Security Council. Efforts to resolve Kosova's status through the UN foundered in July on Russia's insistence on a solution acceptable to Serbia. AG

...AS SERBIA ATTACKS 'POLICY OF FORCE.' Washington's support for a unilateral declaration of independence by Kosova has been greeted with anger in Serbia. Serbian Prime Minister Vojislav Kostunica on September 9 characterized the United State's approach as a "policy of force" and an "open threat" to force independence through in contravention of international law and "in the crudest possible manner" (see "RFE/RL Newsline," September 10, 2007). In response to a call for clarification by the Serbian government on September 9, the U.S. Embassy in Belgrade said on September 10 that Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary of State Volker's comments were "wrongly interpreted in the media" and that "the United States is prepared to accept any outcome to which the parties agree." It added, though, that the current round of talks is not open-ended and that "Kosovo's status needs to be clarified promptly" after the talk's mediators submit a report to the UN secretary-general on December 10. The U.S. clarification was widely seen as inadequate in Serbia, and Kostunica's office criticized it for not containing a denial that the United States would recognize Kosova's independence. However, according to the Serbian broadcaster B92, an adviser to Foreign Minister Vuk Jeremic, Dusan Lazic, said on September 11 that Belgrade should move on and focus on the talks on Kosova's future, "even though the [U.S.] response does not seem to be enough." The daily "Glas javnosti" reported on September 10 that commentators believe the U.S. comments have "pushed local pro-Western forces into a corner." AG

SERBIA ALLEGEDLY OFFERS PARTITION OF KOSOVA. The Kosovar daily "Koha ditore" claimed on September 11 that Serbian Prime Minister Kostunica is telling European diplomats that Serbia would be prepared to accept the partition of Kosova. It cited "a highly reliable source." The paper asserts Kostunica has been bypassing the Foreign Ministry and has instead been using a "personal envoy," Vojin Lazarevic, a businessman who is a sponsor of Kostunica's party. Serbia's Ministry for Kosovar Affairs dismissed the claim as "nonsense" and refused to make any further comment, the news agency FoNet reported on September 11. Foreign Minister Jeremic told Reuters on September 11 that he doubts the story has any substance. Lazarevic's office told Reuters it is preparing to issue a formal denial. AG

KOSOVAR SERBS SET TO BOYCOTT NOVEMBER ELECTIONS. Kosova's Serbs will not take part in local and parliamentary elections due to be held in the disputed province on November 17, Serbia's Minister for Kosovar Affairs Slobodan Samardzic said on September 11, the news agency dpa reported (see "RFE/RL Newsline," September 4, 2007). Samardzic did not provide details. The question now is whether the roughly 100,000 Serbs in the province will heed Belgrade. The Serbian community boycotted the last elections, in 2004, but some of its members are reluctant to repeat what some moderates believe was a mistake that left Serbs isolated. Politicians in Belgrade have also differed on whether a decision to participate should be made by Belgrade or by Kosova's Serbs (see "RFE/RL Newsline," August 9, 2007). The Kosovar Albanian daily "Kosova sot" on September 6 quoted a moderate Serb leader, Oliver Ivanovic, as saying he expects the region's Serbian parties to make a definite decision soon, and as adding, "I believe we will be part of elections to be held this year." However, in the days since, local media have reported that the leader of the harder-line wing of Kosovar Serb politics, Milan Ivanovic, has reiterated his view that participation would be a major mistake, and has demanded an urgent meeting with the government in Belgrade because of the "extremely dramatic and uncertain" situation in Kosova. AG

Gazeta Shqiptare - 11/09/2007 - Ditari i Enver Hoxhes, Ja si u vendos regjimi komunist në Shqipëri

Basha në Berlinin, Shtajnmajer së shpejti në Tiranë

Autori i Lajmit: M.P. Kalendari i kontakteve zyrtare mes Berlinit dhe Tiranës është mjaft i ngjeshur. Pak ditë më parë në Shqipëri qëndroi ministri gjerman i mbrojtjes Jung, ndërsa Basha shkon në Berlin për të kontaktuar me homologun e tij.Shtajnmajer (Steinmeier) pritet që ta kthejë vizitën së shpejti, çka do të jetë dhe përgatitja e një vizite të nivelit të lartë që kancelarja Angela Merkel ka planifikuar të realizojë në kryeqytetin shqiptar, duke iu përgjigjur një ftese të kryeministrit Sali Berisha. Ministri i jashtëm Lulzim Basha e nis sot vizitën zyrtare në Berlin.Pjesa kryesore e axhendës është takimi i punës me homologun gjerman, Shtajnmaje. Ndërkohë që do të ketë takime të veçanta në Komisionin e Politikës së Jashtme të Bundestagut, si dhe takime me zyrtarë të tjerë të lartë. Në qendër të bisedimeve do të jenë çështje të marrëdhënieve dypalëshe, perspektiva evropiane e euroatlantike e Shqipërisë, zhvillimet në rajon dhe çështja e statusit të Kosovës. Gjatë qëndrimit së tij në Berlin shefi i diplomacisë shqiptare pritet të marrrë pjesë e do të referojë në konferencën me temë “Statusi i Kosovës dhe implikimet në rajon”. Shqipëria dhe Gjermania i kanë vendosur marrëdhëniet diplomatike mes tyre prej 20 vjetësh, marrëdhënie që kryeministri Sali Berisha, pak ditë më parë i përshkroi si „marrëdhënie miqësore, të suksesshme dhe me një perspektivë të shkëlqyer”. Kryeministri Sali Berisha pas një takimi që ka zhvilluar javën e kaluar në Tiranë me shefin e Bundesëehrit, F.J Jung bëri një bilanc të përgjithshëm në bashkëpunimin dy palësh, ku ndihma e Gjermanisë në 17 vitet e fundit, arrin vlerën financiare prej 700 milionë euro, duke përfshirë të gjitha fushat.“Bashkëpunimi politik, ekonomik, ushtarak dhe i gjithanshëm me Republikën Federale të Gjermanisë ka një rëndësi shumë të veçantë për Shqipërinë. Ne jemi mirënjohës për mbështetjen që kemi gjetur dhe gjejmë nga qeveria dhe kombi gjerman në përpjekjet tona për anëtarësim në Bashkimin Europian dhe në NATO. Në ndihmën e dhënë për arritjen e standardeve, si në fushën ushtarake, ministria gjermane e Mbrojtjes i ka dhënë ushtrisë shqiptare një ndihmë shumë të çmuar, në fushën e arsimimit, edukimit, në fushën logjistike, në shërbimin shëndetësor, shkollimin në Gjermani dhe këtu, etj.”, deklaroi kryeministri Sali Berisha.

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RFE/RL NEWSLINE Vol. 11, No. 167, Part II, 10 September 2007

EU FOREIGN MINISTERS EMPHASIZE UNITY ON KOSOVA... The EU's 27 foreign ministers vowed on September 8 to adopt a united front should Kosova's Albanian and Serbian communities fail to reach an agreement on the future of Kosova, international media reported. Portuguese Foreign Minister Luis Amado, who chaired the meeting in the Portuguese town of Viana do Castelo, said that "Kosovo is probably the biggest challenge Europe faces," but acknowledged that differences remain and that it is unclear how each individual member state would react if talks were to fail. Brussels believes negotiations should end in December and the overwhelming majority of states believe Kosova should be granted conditional independence. A number of countries have, however, publicly or privately argued that no decision should be imposed on Serbia, which opposes statehood for Kosova. They are thought to include Cyprus, Greece, Romania, Slovakia, and Spain. The EU also moved to quell talk of partition, with several leading EU officials -- including foreign-policy chief Javier Solana and EU Enlargement Commissioner Olli Rehn -- saying that one of the three principles of the talks is that partition will not be discussed (see "RFE/RL Newsline," August 31 and September 4, 2007). Despite the divisions, Swedish Foreign Minister Carl Bildt told AFP on September 7 that the level of unity within the EU is "good, better than it was. Go back a year." AG

...AND STRESSES NEED FOR STRONG POSITION. Portuguese Foreign Minister Amado also stressed the importance of a unified European position by contrasting Europe's divisions with the stances of the United States and Russia, the other countries mediating talks between Belgrade and Prishtina. "I cannot conceive...that we can, in the end of this process, have a situation where you have a strong position of Russia, a strong position of the United States and a European Union [position] simply doesn't exist," Amado said. "I don't believe we can have any credibility in our foreign policy if that does happen." In the days before and after the summit, a range of the continent's most powerful foreign ministers -- including those of Britain and France -- made public calls for unity, arguing, like Amado, that unity is "key to the credibility of Europe's foreign policy." In an article published by Britain's "The Guardian" and France's "Le Monde" on September 7, Bernard Kouchner of France and David Miliband of Britain argued that "the external policy of the EU was born in the Balkans; it must not perish in the Balkans." The Balkan wars and the intervention in Kosova in 1999 are commonly viewed as having catalyzed the emergence of more joint foreign-policy initiatives. The pressure for a resolute European position was added to by U.S. Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary of State Kurt Volker on September 7, who said, according to AFP, that Washington would "recognize Kosovo independence -- as, we assume, a number of others would as well -- because that is the only stable way forward in the Balkans." Volker's statement prompted Serbian Prime Minister Vojislav Kostunica to say Serbia "is faced with a direct U.S. threat" and to call on the UN Security Council to protect Serbia's sovereignty and territorial integrity. AG

SERBIAN GOVERNMENT DIVIDED OVER THREAT OF FORCE IN KOSOVA... Serbia's defense minister, Dragan Sutanovac of the Democrat Party (DS), on September 7 responded sharply to threats by a senior figure in a coalition party, the Democratic Party of Serbia (DSS), to use force in Kosova. In an interview with the daily "Blic," Sutanovac said, "there will be no unilateral military response" by Serbia if Kosova declares independence, and he warned the man who threatened the use of force, State Secretary for Kosovo Dusan Prorokovic, to "keep his nose in his own ministry" and against "waving an empty gun." In subsequent comments made on Serbian radio on September 6, Sutanovac said Prorokovic's comments did not constitute state policy and that the current debate about NATO is not "beneficial" for the Serbian Army. Sutanovac's statements provide further support for the growing perception that the governing coalition is deeply divided about foreign policy. The DS has been muted in its response to DSS accusations that the United States is seeking to turn Kosova into a NATO puppet state, a silence that initially led some commentators to speculate that the DS was allowing the DSS to voice sentiments that it shares. However, DSS criticism of Montenegro and a call for a debate on Serbia's relationship with NATO have prompted a louder response. While the DS has not adopted an official stance on a parliamentary debate on ties with NATO, President Boris Tadic has warned against harming Serbia's interests, Foreign Minister Vuk Jeremic has said it is imperative to maintain a good relationship with NATO, Nada Kolundzija, the head of the DS's parliamentary grouping, has called the attacks on NATO "damaging," and Sutanovac on September 6 called for Serbia to join both the EU and NATO (see "RFE/RL Newsline," August 21 and September 7, 2007). On Montenegro, one of the DS's top officials, Deputy Prime Minister Bozidar Djelic, has personally apologized to Montenegro while the DSS has not (see below). On a related note, Jeremic on September 6 announced the formation of a nonpartisan advisory committee, the Foreign Policy Council, comprised of party officials, diplomats, academics, and other public figures. AG

...WHILE MEDIATORS CRITICIZE SERBIAN THREAT. The three powers mediating talks on the future of Kosova -- the EU, the United States, and Russia -- have all criticized the threat, voiced by Serbian State Secretary for Kosovo Prorokovic, that Serbia might use force in Kosova. Through his spokeswoman Christina Gallach, the EU's Solana on September 7 condemned Prorokovic's comments, saying they breached an agreement made by Serbian and Kosovar politicians on August 30 not to use inflammatory phrases. EU Enlargement Commissioner Rehn said on September 7 that he expects Serbian Prime Minister Kostunica to clarify Serbia's position on the use of force before he meets with Solana and European Commission President Jose Manuel Barroso in Brussels on September 12. The U.S. State Department on September 6 said it is seeking clarification about Serbia's position after Prorokovic's "inflammatory and unfortunate" statement. Russia's envoy to talks on Kosova, Aleksandr Botsan-Kharchenko, was also critical. However, in comments made on September 7 and carried by Serbian media, he said that both Belgrade and Prishtina have made "aggressive statements" and described Prorokovic's threat of force as a reaction to Kosovar leaders' threat to "unilaterally declare independence." Kosovar Prime Minister Agim Ceku has called for Kosova to declare independence in December, but has also reiterated that Kosova would not act unilaterally (see "RFE/RL Newsline," August 31 and September 4, 2007). AG

http://balkans.courriers.info:80/article8728.html

Par B.Sinani

Enver Hoxha

Le Premier ministre albanais Sali Berisha a appelé les historiens et les chercheurs de tout le pays à se pencher sur l’histoire de l’Albanie, de manière à dévoiler aux Albanais toute la vérité sur leur passé, et à permettre que les élèves dans les écoles puissent apprendre l’histoire telle qu’elle a réellement eu lieu. En effet, selon le Premier ministre, rien n’est plus inacceptable que de falsifier l’acte de l’indépendance nationale, que de jeter l’opprobre et même, aveuglé par l’idéologie en vigueur, de gommer les noms de ceux qui l’ont signé, de remplacer les pères de l’indépendance et du pluralisme par des guerriers sans la moindre valeur...

Le Premier ministre veut mettre les choses au clair, l’Albanie ne peut plus continuer à croire à un faux acte d’indépendance. Il a souligné le fait que la Guerre de Libération Nationale [mené par les partisans communistes contre les occupants italiens puis allemands, NdT] a été une page brillante et indiscutable de l’histoire de la nation albanaise, mais il a condamné l’abus monstrueux et la chape de plomb pesant sur l’histoire de la nation. Choisissant exemples et faits, Sali Berisha a affirmé que l’histoire albanaise avait été remplie de dignité morale, notamment dans son attitude face à l’holocauste, auquel ni la nation ni le gouvernement albanais de l’époque n’ont participé, prenant au contraire la défense des Juifs et organisant leur protection. Pourtant, tout ceci est passé sous silence dans les livres qui apprennent l’histoire aux enfants albanais.

Une autre période historique qui mérite d’être revue et réécrite est l’épisode du Congrès de Lushnja [1920]. Ce fut, selon Sali Berisha, le congrès du pluralisme, un fait caché car le roi Ahmet Zog y a joué un rôle majeur. « Puisque le roi Zog était un ennemi et un adversaire, il fallait que le pluralisme le fût aussi, et il l’était en réalité pour le communisme. Il fallait donc réduire au maximum la portée de cet épiosde », a affirmé le Premier ministre, lors de sa déclaration sur la révision de l’histoire, qu’il a faite après sa visite à l’exposition organisée au Parlement albanais, présentant des matériaux et des documents originels, choisis par le fonds des archives du Parlement albanais dans la période de 1922 à 1944.

Le rôle historique du roi Zog

De son côté, la famille royale a réagi très favorablement aux déclarations du Premier ministre. Selon elle, il est indispensable que la contribution du roi Zog soit reconnue à sa juste valeur, et notamment le fait qu’il a été le fondateur du premier État albanais. Le président de la cour royale, Ali Ohri, a déclaré que le premier État albanais ne date pas de l’indépendance déclarée à Vlora par Ismail Qemali, car la période ne le permettait pas. Il affirme que la conception actuelle de l’histoire de l’Albanie passe sous silence de nombreuses périodes importantes, et en dénature de nombreuses autres. Leur révision est donc nécessaire, mais doit se faire sans passions ni influences politiques quelles qu’elles soient. La période du royaume de Zog mérite, toujours selon lui, d’être éclaircie par les chercheurs et les historiens de manière objective et impartiale, pour qu’on ne mente plus aux générations futures.

La déclaration du Premier ministre invitant à reconsidérer des pans entiers de l’histoire albanaise a soulevé des réactions mitigées parmi les historiens albanais. Parmi eux, certains soulignent que cela ne devrait pas être fait dans la conjoncture actuelle, où des crises plus importantes retiennent les pouvoirs publics, comme celles de l’eau et de l’électricité. D’autres se félicitent au contraire de l’initiative du Premier ministre, en défendant l’idée qu’il est fort nécessaire de revoir la manière dont l’histoire de l’Albanie est présentée. Genc Pollo, le ministre de l’Éducation, a affirmé que les institutions de recherche seront désormais liées aux Universités.

Historiens et chercheurs sceptiques

Parmi les chercheurs qui se sont sentis concernés par le débat, certains affirment qu’il serait douteux de s’attaquer à la révision de l’histoire, alors que l’Académie des sciences a été récemment dissoute. « Les réformes peuvent se révéler dommageables », souligne Pellum Xhufi, historien, en rappelant justement le rôle joué par l’ancienne Académie des sciences dans la période communiste. L’archéologue Neritan Ceka partage cet avis, en insistant sur la nécessité que l’écriture de l’historie revienne aux historiens, et non au Premier ministre.

Adoptant un tout autre point de vue que ses collègues, le chercheur Ferit Dukaj a confirmé, quelques heures après la décision du gouvernement de dissoudre l’Académie des sciences, qu’il était notamment indispensable de réécrire la période du communisme. Par contre, le professeur Artan Fuga met en avant le problème de l’organisation de cet énorme chantier, au moment où l’Albanie doit faire face à d’autres problèmes prioritaires. Selon ce dernier, ce qui est plus inquiétant est le fait que les changements ou les réformes soient le plus souvent proposés par de simples individus. Ferit Dukaj insiste, quant à lui, sur la reconnaissance de toutes les réussites de notre peuple pendant la période socialiste. Alors que le débat entre les chercheurs continue, le gouvernement Berisha a décidé de rattacher les institutions de recherche aux Universités. Ainsi, l’Institut de Recherches en Histoire, Albanologie et Archéologie sera dissout et remplacé par un centre unique, l’Institut des Recherches Albanologiques. La révision de l’histoire de l’Albanie sera sa priorité. L’application de cette décision s’étalera sur une période transitoire de deux ans, a confirmé le ministre de l’Éducation.